LatheTurningTrainingLog
Theseveral-dayturningtraininghasetoasuccessfulclusion.Duringthispractice,Isystematicallylearnedaboutthestructuralprinciples,modelparameters,basicoperationsofordinarythes,aswelscoreknowledgeofmetalcuttingprocessing.Startingfromgettingfamiliarwiththeequipmentandmemorizingthegrulesofthemodels,tomasterihreecuttingparametersandvariousprocessingteologies,andfurtherindepelypletingbasicpracticalproceduresincludingdrilliernalturning,threadcuttingandknurling,Ihavenotonlysolidatedtheprofessionaltheoreticalfoundationofmeicalprocessing,butalsoimprovedmypracticaloperationcapabilities.Ihavedeeplyrealizedtherigorous,preciseandstandardizedcorerequirementsofthemeicalprocessingindustry.Iherebyrecordthestudies,practicaloperationsandinsightsofthisturningtrainingiaisfollows.
Iialstageofthetraining,theteacherfirstledustoducttheoreticalitionoftheequipment,fogonexpiningthemodelpitionrulesofordinaryhorizontalthes.Thisisthefualcoreknowledgefinnersinturning,andalsoakeytentIstrivedtomasterthroughoutthetraining.Previously,Ihadnouandingofthemodelcodes.Throughsystematiclearning,Ifullygraspedthegmeaningsoftwocssichorizontalthes,theC620-1andCA6140,andcrifiedthediffereweenoldandnewmodelsaswelstheirdisparitiesinequipmentperformance.
TheC620-1isatraditionalold-fashionedhorizontaltheandacssicprocessingequipmentwidelyusedinfactoriesi.Initsmodelcode,theinitialletter"C"isthegeneralcodeforthes,representingthatthemaetoolcategoryisthe;thedigit"6"standsfortheequipmentstructuralform,i.e.,horizontalthe,whichdistinguisheshorizontalthesfromverties;thenumber"20"referstothecoreparameterofthethe,hemaximummaingradiusfromthethebedsurfacetothespindle,whichdetermihemaximummaingsizeraheequipment.Thehorizontallihemodelindicatesthatthismaeisaninalbasicmodel,arailingdigit"1"meanstheequipmenthasundergoructuralimprovement.paredwithylethes,theoldC620-1featuresasimplestructureandbasis.Restrictedbyitsmeicalyout,itsupportsanarreofprocessingmaterialsandlimitedmaingdiameters.Besides,itisequippedwithfewspindlespeedgearswithlowspeedadjustmentprecisioinginpoormaingaccuradlefficy.Atpresent,itismostlyappliedtosimpleroughmaingtrainingandbasicoperationsinoutdatedworkshops.
Intrast,theCA6140isthemainstreamnewhorizontalthefortrainingandindustrialproduatpresent,withfarsuperiorperformaheoutdatedC620-1.Initsmodel,"C"stillservesasthethecode,whiletheletter"A"representsamajorstructuralupgrade—anoptimizedandredevelopedversiohebasicmodel,whichgreatlyimprovesthemeicalyout,transmissionsystemandprecisionperformaheequipment.Thedigitbination"61"isthetypecodeofthethe,differentiatingitsstructuralyoutfromoldthes.Thefinalnumber"40"isthecoreprocessingparameter,indigthemaximummaingdiameterofthisthereaches400millimeters,grantingitawidermaingsizerangeandstrongerpatibility.Meanwhile,theCA6140supportsleft-handthreadmaing,makingupforthefunaldeficyofoldthes.Itprocessavarietyofmetalmaterials,andusersflexiblyadjustspindlespeedaeacctoworkpiecesofdifferentmaterialsanddiameters.Withremarkableimprovementsinmaingaccuracy,operationalstabilityaility,itactsastheprimaryprocessingequipmentinmeicalworkshops.
Aftermasteringthemodelsandequipmentcharacteristics,wemovedontostudythecoretheoryprocessing:thethreecuttingparameters.Theseparametersformthetheoreticalbasisforallturniions,directlydeterminingworkpieceprocessingquality,toolwearandmaingeffidarecritidicatorsthattheoperatorsmuststrictlytrolinpractice.Thethreecuttingparameterssistofcuttingspeed,cuttihae,whiteradrestrieanother,allbeingindispensable.
Cuttingspeedreferstotheretivemovingspeedbetweeingedgeofthetoondtheworkpiecesurface.Itsadjustmentmainlydependsonworkpiecematerial,toolmateriandmaingprecisionrequirements.Fh-hardeelworkpieces,thecuttingspeedshouldbereducedtoavoidtooledgechippingandsurfaceburningofworkpieces;forsoftmaterialssuchasaluminumandcopper,thespindlespeedandcuttingspeedbeappropriatelyincreasedtoraiseprocessingefficy.TheoldC620-1theisfittedwithlimitedfixedspeedgears,failingtoaccuratelymatchthecuttingspeedrequirementsofvariousmaterials,whereastheCA6140providesawidespeedadjustmentrahrefioaodatethecuttingdemandsofdiversematerials.
Cuttihmeahthetoolcutsintotheworkpieasiurningpass,mainlyaffegmaingallowanddimensionaccuracyofworkpieces.Inroughmaing,thecuttihbeproperlyincreasedtoquicklyremoveexcessmateriandboosteffifinishmaing,thecuttihmustberedudimensionsyerbyyer,ensuringftworkpiecesurfadprecisemeasurements,aingdimensioions,surfacescratchesandotherdefects.
Feedraterepresentstheaxialdistaooltravelsforeveryfullrotationoftheworkpieexcessivelyrgefeedratewillcauseroughworkpiecesurfaceswithobvioustoolmarks,andmayeveotoolbreakageandworkpiecedeformation.Anoverlysmallfeedratedrasticallylowersprocessingeffidmayresultinprolongedfribetweeoondworkpiece,causingthermaldeformation,annealingandbedsurfacesofworkpieces.Inpracticaloperations,operatorsoreasonablymatchthethreecuttingparametersaccthandfinishmaingdemandstobanceeffidproductquality.
Uponfinishiicalstudies,weehepracticalskilltrainingphase,systematica
llypractigtheuseofcorethetoolingfixturesandvariousturningteologies.Thefirstfixturewelearnedwasthethree-jawchuck,thecorepoforgworkpieces.Operatorsmustmastergteiquesbeforeduganyprocessing.Whenfixingworkpieces,itisessentialtoeightgandcoaxialigoftheworkpieceaxis,soastopreventworkpiecelooseningandetricityduringprocessing,whichwouldotherwisetriggerdimensionalerrorsoreveyacts.Inaddition,gforceshouldbemoderate:insuffitforceleadstoworkpieceshaking,whileexcessiveforcemaysqueezethin-walledworkpiedcausedeformation.Thisisthemostfualyetcriticaloperatioailinturningpractice.
Irainingofbasicprocessingprocedures,Ipracticedventionaltheprocessingprojeebyone,cfmaing,holemaingauremaingteologies.Basiingprocessesincludeexternalturning,fag,internalb,taperturningandthreadcutting,whistitutethecorefualproceduresfortheoperators.Fagtrimstheftnessofworkpiedfacestoguaraheendfaceisperpendicurtothespindleaxis;externalturningisthemostwidelyusedprocessformaingdricaloutertoursofworkpieces;internalbisappliedtoprocessinnerdimensionsofsleeveandringworkpieces;taperturningrequiresfiuningtheahethepouoaccuratelytroltaperandensureperfectfittingoftaperedsurfaces;threadcuttingcoversstandardright-handthreadsandtheexclusiveleft-handthreadssupportedbyhes.Duringthreadmaing,operatorsmustmatchcorrespondingspindlespeedsaiostoobtaihreadprofilesandaccuratepitches.
Apartfromventionalfprocessing,Ialsolearnedfsurfacemaing,straightknurlinganddiamondknurlingteologies.Knurlingismostlyusedonanti-slipworkpiecessuchashandlesandknobs.Straightknurlingprodueatverticaltextures,whilediamondknurlingformscrisscrosspatterns.Inpractice,specialknurlingtoolsobeinstalled,andappropriatespindlespeedaemustbeadjustedtoachieveuniformtextureswithsisteh,avoidingskewedoruterns.
Inholemaingtraining,Ibecameprofitinusierdrills,twistdrillsandreamers,followingstandardizedprocessflows.Whenmanufacturingdeepholesh-precisiohefirststepistodrilterholewithaterdrilltopreciselylocatetheholeteradrillbitdefleandetricholes.Afterpositioning,twistdrillsareadoptedfhdrillingtoremovemostmaingallowance.Finally,reamersareusedforfinishreamingtocalibrateholediametersandimprovethesmoothnessofholewalls,meetingtheassemblyrequirementsofhigh-prepos.Meanwhile,Ilearheapplicationsariosauxiliarysupportsmatchedwiththesiraining.Whenprocessingslendershafts,springsupportsreduceworkpiecevibrationanddeformationtoimprovemaingprecision.
Ienterednumerousproblemsduringpracticaloperations,andcorrectedthemonebyo